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Community shelf Community shelf -> AN INTERVIEW WITH A PAKISTANI MULLAH -- THIS WILL SHOCK YOU AND THROW YOU OUT OF YOUR SEAT -> Go to message
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irrelevant thread to core focus of discussions. locking for now. lets focus on studies. cheers
Catalogs Discussion Forums -> Mechanics -> Physical sufferings are often caused by bad deeds in 'previous birth'.It may be called a)Serendipi -> Go to message
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it's a hypothesis

Catalogs Discussion Forums -> Campus Walk -> Introduction -> Go to message
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Life of a freshie II
Food at the central mess Himalaya was considered just about edible by the students. If one got bored, there were places like Gurunath, Basera and Tiffanys or even Ascendas, to the rescue. For the same reason they happened to be hangout areas too! Junta spent time in quadrangles of hostels to play football, cricket or any other sport or in gen to put peace.
Since, hostel is fixed for entire duration of stay, hostel rivalry is huge. The hostel feeling boils down to the blood, one could see junta cheering and at the same time swearing at other teams which becomes a staple part of every sentence of one's speech. All competitions whether those of LitSOC(Literary and cultural events) or TechSOC or Schroeter(Sports) and other are hotly contested for points! This feeling does not fade out as the entire academic calendar is jam-packed with events, with something or the other happening almost everyday!
Freshies are expected to do a lot of bull-work. Nearly, all of us had volunteered for something or the other in Shaastra, the annual tech-fest. Every vol(short for volunteer) is given a badge and some grub coupons which are quite disproportionate to the amount of work the vol does under a coord(short for coordinator).
In whatever time was left, I managed to participate in quite a few events. Similarly, in Saarang, the annual cul-fest, vols sweat it out to make the fest a success. The Dance Workshop in Saarang is especially the most eagerly awaited by seniors and freshies alike.
There is a pitched battle for partners(Dance Workshop requires people to register as couples) between the seniors and freshies, that follows rules of natural selection and not the erstwhile rules of ''freshie-senior interactions'!! One dreams of a college life like that in the bollywood flicks; sadly IIT M or any IIT for that matter has a highly skewed gender ratio! There are just 2 girls' hostels to 15 boys' hostels!! Although not filmi, life in the institute is amazing fun! One seeks solace in fests like these!!
Bull-work doesn't stop at fests; freshies are also expected to campaign and help campaign for Institute election candidates. Like others, I had to run around a lot, for preparations for the annual Hostel Nite!! Besides, one has to run errands loyally for their 'beloved' seniors!!

Hostel life is fun in its own ways. All festivals are celebrated in a grand way, especially those like Diwali and Holi! Holi is celebrated in the most unusual way, the details of which are best not mentioned in this article. Other 'festivals' like the Ice-cream Nite, when unlimited ice-cream is up for grabs, are a rage!! But hostel life comes with its own set of hardships like sometimes taking orders from seniors(after all a senior will always be a senior!) while on the other hand they put pseud fundaes like how to impress a prof or getting studd grades or advice like maintaining atleast 1 km distance from the notorious DisCo etc.

My first year was very eventful. When my first cycle went missing, every morning I had to stand by the road stick out my thumb asking for a lift so that I wasn't thrown out of class for being late!! I made hazaar friends who were from all over the country(an advantage of a national institute). Bathing became optional! I spent my first year at IIT M pursuing my interests or exploring Chennai on weekends or in standing outside the class or crashing in class or in my room!

While some pursued grades, others various cultural activities, sports, the virtues of neighbouring eateriess - and combinations thereof. Others, who mugged all the time and in whatever little time they had in spare, spent it RGing.

On the whole the year got over very quickly and the idea of three months holidays was quite discomforting!! Suddenly, we were seniors; smiling at the fact that quietly another batch of freshies was set on its way to enter the hallowed portals of IIT M!!

As I sat in the Insti bus, ready to leave for home, it hit me, Golden Jubilee or not, we were the Golden Guys, because.... we had it all!!!
 
Catalogs Discussion Forums -> Campus Walk -> Introduction -> Go to message
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Life of a freshie I
 
The joy of joining a prestigious college; the sorrow of leaving home, family and friends; the thrill of going to a new place; the uncertainty about hostel life and the fear and excitement of what's to come, those were some of the countless emotions that kept swirling in my head, like any other fellow freshie, on the day I joined IIT Madras!
The first day started with the Orientation lecture by the Director (Diro) and the Dean of Students. Since, it was the Golden Jubilee year of the Institute, the Diro joked that we were the Golden Guys!
 
After a brief tour by our faculty advisors (facads) and an English diagnostic test, we returned to our hostels. With expectations soaring high and inspired by the events of the day, I planned a daily schedule to work towards my goals! The schedule included things like getting up early, taking a bath regularly, studying for minimum 4 hours, etc.Little did I know that in the days to come, the entire exercise would be rendered futile, not to mention ridiculous!
That very night marked the beginning of the 'annual ritual' of ''freshie-senior interaction'. Someone knocked on my door, calling me for a 'roll-call' in the common room for a 'mass meeting'. After a little 'friendly' chit-chat, our 'noble' seniors summoned us to their rooms for some 'intensive exercises' to break the ice!

After about 8 hours or so, we were set free like Gladiators who had earned their freedom! After all, we had successfully completed their 'unprintable' tasks, earned ourselves an 'unprintable' name(let it be X), with an even more unprintable funda(let it be ABCD), which were to remain stuck to us for the rest of our stay in IIT M!!! We had a reason to be proud according to a senior, who was quoted as saying: ''Your name is your identity and without it you are nothing in the institute'!! Freedom was short-lived for us, in my case it was there for just one day!! I accidently bumped into a senior, and then he uttered the words: Put-Intro-Da! I fought the urge to refuse. The previous night had taught us all the following:

Rule 1: A senior is always right.
Rule 2: A Freshie can never be right.
Rule 3: If you are confused, refer to Rule 1.

So, I began: ''My name is X, my funda is ABCD, my nick-name <actual name>, my AIR(All India Rank) is blah-blah, my factory(read coaching institute!).... and so on and so forth'. 8 hours later, I found myself returning back to my room to get ready for my first day's classes! It was slisha(read slightly) painful initially but soon, we all got used to the 8-hour 'social interactions'.

The tasks became more and more innovative, intense, needless to add unprintable, making those of MTV Roadies look like picnics to heaven!! We had a few freshies sports tournaments and competitions.

The difficult times like 'senior interactions', mess food at Himalaya had brought us, fellow freshies closer and, to our surprise we found ourselves making friends with seniors too! The 'freshie-senior' interactions had somehow broken the ice, with seniors putting fundaes, giving away books notes, workshop stuff etc. Sharing and inheritance are amazing characteristics of hostel life. For example, the whole lot of freshies in the hostel survived on just 4 tattered chem. lab coats! Also, books dated as early as 1980s were still floating around!

Soon, things caught pace. Visits to the Central Workshop in a ridiculous Workshop Uniform became a pain. Considering the vastness of the campus, attending classes looked like an arduous task in itself. After just two days of following the timetable, I had made, I gave up and it remained a theoretical concept, henceforth! Some people struggled to even maintain a minimum mandatory 75% attendance, to avoid the dreaded W grade! With acads picking up pace and from seniors' fundaes, I found out one thing: ''If you think getting into IIT was tough, try getting out'!! Quiz I and Quiz II could be handled easily, thanks to the size of the syllabus, but end-sems were dreaded by everyone. Since, there was no gap between two consecutive exams, night-outs were unavoidable, sleep, quite literally became a rare commodity!

 
Catalogs Discussion Forums -> Campus Walk -> Introduction -> Go to message
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Our expert, alias Sylar, a 2nd year Mechanical Engineering student, brings to you a ' virtual walk' through the campus of IIT Madras wherein you can have a glimpse of the esteemed institution sitting at your desk! This will be a walk through memory lane for a few and a mesmerising and exciting experience for others. It will fill you up with hopes and will encourage you to give your best to reach the college of your dreams. Have a fun trip!

 

goIIT thanks Sylar for this awesome effort and this huge pictorial view, which gives us a complete insight of the life inside IIT Madras. .

an IIT Sylar

 

 

 

   
Catalogs Discussion Forums -> Campus Walk -> Introduction -> Go to message
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SAARANG

It is the annual cultural festival conducted by IIT Madras in January on its vast serene campus. From the days it was called Mardi Gras, Saarang, ''a five-day extravaganza'' sets the standard as far as cultural festivals go.
It is one of the very few cultural festivals that is completely managed and organized by students. Like Shaastra, it is run by a similar team consisting of several hundred students which starts working several months in advance!
With budgets reaching dizzying 8-digit figures, over 50 events and an astounding footfall of over 50000 and attracting the finest talent in the country, Saarang has come a long way to become perhaps the largest college cultural festival not just in India but in Asia!!
Celebrating Golden Jubilee of the Institute, Saarang 2009 ...Golden Edition had 50 events, 5 pro-shows, attracting over 50000 people spread over 5 extraordinary days! An arena for Paintball, an exhibition of handicrafts sponsors' stalls and Informal events stages were setup. The pro-shows had breath taking performances: classical ones like those of Shobahana's Maya Ravan,Kanyakumari's 50 violin orchestra,popular ones like those by Sonu Niigaam and Benny Dayal.

The rock show was opened by Mother Jane... with the star attraction being the legendary Swedish heavy metal band OPETH, performing for the first time in India!!!

Unlike most college festivals, Saarang is very well rounded, with equal emphasis on music both western and Indian classical, dance of all sorts, fine arts like painting, clay modeling etc, speaking and thespian events, literary events etc and several other events that are characteristic to IIT Madras fabric.

Besides, several workshops are conducted for dance, music, dramatics, blogging, face painting,t-shirt painting etc during the five days which are thronged by huge crowds.

It attracts people from all over the country, inviting people from age eight to eighty. Some people come to participate, while some to have just plain fun ....or in other words to experience SAARANG

View Gallery > >

 

 

 

   
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SHAASTRA

Shaastra is the annual technical festival of IIT Madras. It is typically he ld in the first week of October and is the first ISO 9001:2000 certified student festival in the world!! It is one of the largest of its kind in Asia .

It is run completely by students as a team of 17 cores, 150 coordinators and several hundred volunteers with preparations beginning about five months in advance, it is known for its exceptional organization, stunning range of activities, and a growing legacy for honing the engineering talent in India.
Forums include workshops, video conferences with Nobel laureates and inventors,lectures, demonstrations by companies,and technical exhibitions. The shows under Shaastra Nights are regular crowd pullers. Students come from across the country to compete in activities covering design events, programming, simulations, quizzes, management, business, applied engineering, robotics, junkyard wars and contraptions.

View Gallery > >

 

 

 

   
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Student Projects

The Centre For Innovation (CFI aka C), funded by Batch of 1981 was started with the idea ''COME WITH AN IDEA AND GO OUT WITH A PROTOTYPE'' by the Institute, recently.

A well-equipped 24x7 facility, allowing the students to innovate, create and give a shape to their ideas, does justice to its tagline ...FACILITATING THE CREATIVE GENIUS! It has produced several successful projects like an unmanned aircraft,

an ornithopter(a mechanical bird), a self-balancing bicycle,a Desalination Plant, a Robot which propels itself using Archimedean screws, a Farming aid to name a few.

Some of the projects underway are: ROBOCON, this team is going to represent India in the International Robocon to be held in Tokyo this august, IARC(International Aerial Robotics Competition) to be held in Puerto Rico, a Humanoid Robot, a Speech Synthesizer, an Unmanned Car and a method to produce Bio Diesel from sewage water using algae!!!
View Gallery > >

 

 

 

   
Catalogs Discussion Forums -> Campus Walk -> Introduction -> Go to message
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IIT MADRAS

 

Indian Institute of Technology Madras (IIT Madras) is located in the heart of the beautiful and colourful city of Chennai (formerly Madras). It was founded in 1959, making it the third IIT to be established, with technical and financial assistance from the Government of the erstwhile West Germany.

As soon as one enters the institute through the main gate, one witnesses some striking changes in the environment. The campus is amazingly calm, compared to the traffic and noise outside in the city.


   
It is extremely green and the temperature is noticeably lower than the rest of city, thanks to the heavy tree and forest cover in the 2.5km2 (620acres) campus that was formerly part of the adjoining Guindy National Park!
It is a common sight to see chitals (spotted deer), blackbucks, and other wildlife roaming around freely in the campus like an open zoo!
One can hop onto one of the Institute Buses which ply from the main gate every 15 minutes or considering the huge distances, one can even choose to go on a very long walk.
   
As one moves down the Bonn Avenue, one comes across a lot of houses, which are the residential quarters for the 360 faculty members and 1250 supporting and administrative staff.
This part of the institute is the Residential Zone. On the parallel road called Delhi Avenue, one will come even across many temples and the Institute Lake. As we move further on the Bonn Avenue, we come across 2 schools - Vana Vani and Kendriya Vidyalaya(KV).
After about 2.5 km on Bonn Avenue, one reaches the Gajendra Circle, which is seen as the mascot and the centre point of the campus!!
All major avenues - Bonn, Delhi, Alumni and Hostel Avenue merge here. The Director's residence, Bose-Einstein Guest House, Dept. of Management Studies(DoMS) and Administration Building are located near the Gajendra Circle.
   
The huge Institute Stadium is located just behind DoMS. Adjacent to the DoMS, there is a Cafe Coffee Day(CCD) which is a popular hangout zone amongst students.
As one moves further taking the Alumni Avenue, one enters the Academic Zone of the campus, which is flanked by several important buildings like Industrial Consultancy and Sponsored Research(ICSR),
Humanities and Sciences Block(HSB), and an array of labs from simple to very sophisticated . One comes across several buildings of the 15 engineering departments and advanced research centres across various disciplines of engineering and pure sciences, with over 100 laboratories.
   
A little snooping around will take one to Class Room Complex(CRC) or to the Institute Hospital or to the Centre For Innovation(CFI aka C), the Campus Cafe or even to an IAF aircraft in Dept. of Aerospace Engineering
On moving further down the Alumni Avenue one reaches the JEE and GATE offices and subsequently to the Velachery Gate. and Volleyball. Just next to the football field, one will find the famed IIT Chemplast Cricket Ground, which is the only one of its kind because it hosts Ranji Trophy matches here regularly, not to mention it is the practice ground for Indian Cricket Team!! So, there is a fair chance that one may run into Sachin, Irfan or Dhoni!!

 

 

 

   
Catalogs Discussion Forums -> Discuss Schools -> Opinion Poll : 10th board exams- Should they be scrapped? -> Go to message
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We are only moving towards diluting a long standing educational system which has been active and pravalent for a while now

Catalogs Discussion Forums -> General Knowledge -> hello Sir/Madam, I Need ur help i dont know who r u, but i just wanted to share my feelings with -> Go to message
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this is an incorrect place to discuss relationship issues. locking thread.

Catalogs Info Center -> the birla institute of technology and science -> Go to message
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BITSAT Cutoff Score:

 

 

The BITSAT cut-off scores information to take admission to 2010-11 B.E. batches in BITS in different engineering programmes including the five year integrated courses as per declared Merit list of BITSAT 2011 will be..

BITSAT Cut offs Marks in all 3 BITS Campuses:

 

 

Engg Marks Cutoffs 2010

Degree Programme

BITS PILANI

BITS Hyderabad

BITS GOA

Under Graduate Courses

B.E.(Hons.)-Computer Science

342

302

307

B.E.(Hons.)-Electronics & Instrumentation

329

313

293

B.E.(Hons.)-Electrical & Electronics

339

299

303

B.E.(Hons.)-Mechanical

327

295

296

B.E.(Hons.)-Chemical

310

284

285

B.E.(Hons.)-Civil

310

290

  --

B.E.(Hons)- Manufacturing

304

  --

  --

B.Pharm.(Hons.)

259

258

  --

Post Graduate Courses

M.Sc. (Tech.)-General Studies

  --

  --

  --

M.Sc. (Hons.)-Economics

302

278

  --

M.Sc. (Hons.)-Physics

300

279

282

M.Sc. (Tech.)-Information Systems

286

268

270

M.Sc. (Hons.)-Mathematics

296

274

277

M.Sc. (Hons.)-Chemistry

290

273

275

M.Sc. (Tech.): Engineering Technology

  --

  --

   --

M.Sc. (Tech.)-Finance

275

  --

   --

M.Sc. (Hons.)-Biological Sciences

281

268

269

 

** This is the sample BITSAT cut off for one of the year.

1.  lowest cut-off marks for any of BITS course program is: 274, 

2.  BITSAT Cut-off for waiting list is: 245

 

 

Catalogs Info Center -> karnataka common entrance test -> Go to message
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Karnataka Common Entrance Test (KCET) Points to Ponder:

 

KCET Points to Watch Out are given below...

•    Number of Students Appeared for KCET:  120373


•    All colleges coming under the Vishweshvariah Technological University (VTU) admit students based on their K-CET  score.

•    From the year 2008, non-Karnataka students (students not eligible to be considered in the Karnataka quota) are not  appearing  for the CET. They can only appear for the COMEDK examination.


•    Few of the Top KCET affiliated colleges:

  • RVCE, Bangalore
  • PESIT, Bangalore
  • BMS College of Engineering, Bangalore
  • BIT, Bangalore
  • MSRIT, Bangalore
  • JSSATE, Bangalore
  • DSCE, Bangalore
  • MVIT, Bangalore
  • Shirdi Sai College of Engineering, Bangalore
  • KSIT(Raghuvanahally), Bangalore
  • CMRIT, Bangalore
  • BNM Institute of Tech, Bangalore
  • RNSIT, Bangalore
  • Sapthagiri College of Engineering, Bangalore
  • East Point College of Engineering & Tech(Bayappanahalli), Bangalore
  • AIT, Bangalore
  • NIT, Surathkal
  • SJCE, Mysore
  • NIE, Mysore
  • SIT, Tumkur
  • Karnataka Law Society Gogte Inst. of Tech, Belgaum
  • SDM, Dharwad


Medical and dental courses:  Merit determined only on the basis of marks obtained by candidates in Physics, Chemistry and Biology taken together in CET.

Indian system of medicine and homoeopathy courses: Merit based on marks obtained in Physics, Chemistry and Biology and marks obtained in the same subjects in PUC. 

Engineering: Marks obtained in Physics, Chemistry and Maths will be considered plus the marks in same subjects in PUC.  When the marks of two or more candidates are the same, the interse merit will be determined with reference to marks obtained in Biology in CET for medicine/ dental/Indian systems of medicine and homoeopathy and Physics in case of engineering/ technology.


Architecture Courses:  Merit determined on basis of marks obtained by candidates in the qualifying examination in all subjects and marks obtained in National Aptitude Test in Architecture (NATA)

•    42% of seats in private medical colleges will be filled up by the state government through its CET, while the remaining 58% will be filled up by respective colleges.   For the BDS course, the state government will fill up 35% of seats through CET; the rest will be filled up by the managements on the basis of the Comed-K entrance test.  Similarly, for the engineering courses, the state government will fill up 50% of the seats through its KCET; the remaining half will be filled up by the managements.


•    Engineering seats are likely to increase this year as more private management colleges have applied. The number of colleges which have applied for KCET engineering course has crossed 30. Each can have a minimum of four courses, summing up to 60 seats.


•    All-India Council of Technical Education (AICTE) has upgraded the polytechnic in Karwar to an engineering college.


•    The Karnataka high has  ruled that the children of Group C employee couple whose annual income exceeds Rs 2 lakh come under the creamy layer and are not entitled for reservation under Category 3A.

•    Engineering Fee Structure:
    

     Rs 15,000 Poor and meritorious
Rs 25,000 Merit students (students who claim seats under government quota)
Rs 1.25 lakh Management quota

      MEDICAL/Dental Fee Structure:

     Rs 42,000: Government

     Rs 3.25 lakh: Management quota.

 

 

Catalogs Discussion Forums -> Thermal Physics -> what is Wheatstone bridge...?why it is used..?give the simple explanation..pllzz reply... -> Go to message
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We ahve posted some interesting content on wheatstone bridge. for accessing wheatstone bridge content on study material section please click here

 

you can find numericals on wheatstone bridge here

Contents Content -> AIEEE 2009 Solutions and Analysis -> Go to message
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Chemistry Syllabus AIEEE Entrance:

 

SECTION-A

PHYSICAL CHEMISTRY

UNIT 1: Some Basic concepts In CHEMISTRY
Matter and its nature, Dalton's atomic theory; Concept of atom, molecule, element and compound; Physical quantities and their measurements in Chemistry, precision and accuracy, significant figures, S.I. Units, dimensional analysis; Laws of chemical combination; Atomic and molecular masses, mole concept, molar mass, percentage composition, empirical and molecular formulae; Chemical equations and stoichiometry.

UNIT 2: States of Matter 
Classification of matter into solid, liquid and gaseous states.

Gaseous State:
Measurable properties of gases; Gas laws - Boyle's law, Charle's law, Graham's law of diffusion, Avogadro's law, Dalton's law of partial pressure; Concept of Absolute scale of temperature; Ideal gas equation, Kinetic theory of gases (only postulates); Concept of average, root mean square and most probable velocities; Real gases, deviation from Ideal behaviour, compressibility factor, van der Waals equation, liquefaction of gases, critical constants.

Liquid State:
Properties of liquids - vapour pressure, viscosity and surface tension and effect of temperature on them (qualitative treatment only).

Solid State:
Classification of solids: molecular, ionic, covalent and metallic solids, amorphous and crystalline solids (elementary idea); Bragg's Law and its applications; Unit cell and lattices, packing in solids (fcc, bcc and hcp lattices), voids, calculations involving unit cell parameters, imperfection in solids; Electrical, magnetic and dielectric properties.

Practice Chemistry lab Questions


UNIT 3: Atomic Structure
Discovery of sub-atomic particles (electron, proton and neutron); Thomson and Rutherford atomic models and their limitations; Nature of electromagnetic radiation, photoelectric effect; Spectrum of hydrogen atom, Bohr model of hydrogen atom - its postulates, derivation of the relations for energy of the electron and radii of the different orbits, limitations of Bohr's model; Dual nature of matter, de-Broglie's relationship, Heisenberg uncertainty principle. Elementary ideas of quantum mechanics, quantum mechanical model of atom, its important features, * and *2, concept of atomic orbitals as one electron wave functions; Variation of  *  and * 2 with r for 1s and 2s orbitals; various quantum numbers (principal, angular momentum and magnetic quantum numbers) and their significance; shapes of s, p and d - orbitals, electron spin and spin quantum number; Rules for filling electrons in orbitals - aufbau principle, Pauli's exclusion principle and Hund's rule, electronic configuration of elements, extra stability of half-filled and completely filled orbitals.

UNIT 4: Chemical Bonding and Molecular Structure Kossel - Lewis approach to chemical bond formation, concept of ionic and covalent bonds.
Ionic Bonding: Formation of ionic bonds, factors affecting the formation of ionic bonds; calculation of lattice enthalpy.
Covalent Bonding: Concept of electronegativity, Fajan's rule, dipole moment; Valence Shell Electron Pair Repulsion (VSEPR) theory and shapes of simple molecules.
Quantum mechanical approach to covalent bonding: Valence bond theory - Its important features, concept of hybridization involving s, p and d orbitals; Resonance.
Molecular Orbital Theory - Its important features, LCAOs, types of molecular orbitals (bonding, antibonding), sigma and pi-bonds, molecular orbital electronic configurations of homonuclear diatomic molecules, concept of bond order, bond length and bond energy.
Elementary idea of metallic bonding. Hydrogen bonding and its applications.  

UNIT 5: CHEMICAL THERMODYNAMICS Fundamentals of thermodynamics: System and surroundings, extensive and intensive properties, state functions, types of processes.
First law of thermodynamics - Concept of work, heat internal energy and enthalpy, heat capacity, molar heat capacity; Hess's law of constant heat summation; Enthalpies of bond dissociation, combustion, formation, atomization, sublimation, phase transition, hydration, ionization and solution.
Second law of thermodynamics- Spontaneity of processes; DS of the universe and DG of the system as criteria for spontaneity, DGo (Standard Gibbs energy change) and equilibrium constant.

UNIT 6: SOLUTIONS Different methods for expressing concentration of solution - molality, molarity, mole fraction, percentage (by volume and mass both), vapour pressure of solutions and Raoult's Law - Ideal and non-ideal solutions, vapour pressure - composition, plots for ideal and non-ideal solutions; Colligative properties of dilute solutions - relative lowering of vapour pressure, depression of freezing point, elevation of boiling point and osmotic pressure; Determination of molecular mass using colligative properties; Abnormal value of molar mass, van't Hoff factor and its significance.

UNIT 7: EQUILIBRIUM Meaning of equilibrium, concept of dynamic equilibrium.
Equilibria involving physical processes: Solid -liquid, liquid - gas and solid - gas equilibria, Henry's law, general characterics of equilibrium involving physical processes.
Equilibria involving chemical processes: Law of chemical equilibrium, equilibrium constants (Kp and Kc) and their significance, significance of DG and DGo in chemical equilibria, factors affecting equilibrium concentration, pressure, temperature, effect of catalyst; Le Chatelier's principle.
Ionic equilibrium: Weak and strong electrolytes, ionization of electrolytes, various concepts of acids and bases (Arrhenius, Br?nsted - Lowry and Lewis) and their ionization, acid - base equilibria (including multistage ionization) and ionization constants, ionization of water, pH scale, common ion effect, hydrolysis of salts and pH of their solutions, solubility of sparingly soluble salts and solubility products, buffer solutions.

UNIT   8: REDOX REACTIONS AND ELECTROCHEMISTRY Electronic concepts of oxidation and reduction, redox reactions, oxidation number, rules for assigning oxidation number, balancing of redox reactions.
Eectrolytic and metallic conduction, conductance in electrolytic solutions, specific and molar conductivities and their variation with concentration: Kohlrausch's law and its applications.
Electrochemical cells - Electrolytic and Galvanic cells, different types of electrodes, electrode potentials including standard electrode potential, half - cell and cell reactions, emf of a Galvanic cell and its measurement; Nernst equation and its applications; Relationship between cell potential and Gibbs' energy change; Dry cell and lead accumulator; Fuel cells; Corrosion and its prevention.

UNIT 9: CHEMICAL KINETICS  Rate of a chemical reaction, factors affecting the rate of reactions: concentration, temperature, pressure and catalyst; elementary and complex reactions, order and molecularity of reactions, rate law, rate constant and its units, differential and integral forms of zero and first order reactions, their characteristics and half - lives, effect of temperature on rate of reactions - Arrhenius theory, activation energy and its calculation, collision theory of bimolecular gaseous reactions (no derivation).

UNIT 10:
SURFACE CHEMISTRY

Adsorption- Physisorption and chemisorption and their characteristics, factors affecting adsorption of gases on solids - Freundlich and Langmuir adsorption isotherms, adsorption from solutions.
Catalysis - Homogeneous and heterogeneous, activity and selectivity of solid catalysts, enzyme catalysis and its mechanism.
Colloidal state - distinction among true solutions, colloids and suspensions, classification of colloids - lyophilic, lyophobic; multi molecular, macromolecular and associated colloids (micelles), preparation and properties of colloids - Tyndall effect, Brownian movement, electrophoresis, dialysis, coagulation and flocculation; Emulsions and their characteristics.

SECTION-B

INORGANIC CHEMISTRY

UNIT 11: CLASSIFICATON OF ELEMENTS AND PERIODICITY IN PROPERTIES Modem periodic law and present form of the periodic table, s, p, d and f block elements, periodic trends in properties of elements-atomic and ionic radii, ionization enthalpy, electron gain enthalpy, valence, oxidation states and chemical reactivity.



UNIT 12: GENERAL PRINCIPLES AND PROCESSES OF ISOLATION OF METALS Modes of occurrence of elements in nature, minerals, ores; steps involved in the extraction of metals - concentration, reduction (chemical. and electrolytic methods) and refining with special reference to the extraction of Al, Cu, Zn and Fe; Thermodynamic and electrochemical principles involved in the extraction of metals.

UNIT 13: HYDROGEN Position of hydrogen in periodic table, isotopes, preparation, properties and uses of hydrogen; Physical and chemical properties of water and heavy water; Structure, preparation, reactions and uses of hydrogen peroxide; Classification of hydrides - ionic, covalent and interstitial; Hydrogen as a fuel.

Learn Periodic Table in Minutes


UNIT 14: S - BLOCK ELEMENTS (ALKALI AND ALKALINE EARTH METALS) Group - 1 and 2 Elements
General introduction, electronic configuration and general trends in physical and chemical properties of elements, anomalous properties of the first element of each group, diagonal relationships.
Preparation and properties of some important compounds - sodium carbonate, sodium chloride, sodium hydroxide and sodium hydrogen carbonate; Industrial uses of lime, limestone, Plaster of Paris and cement; Biological significance of Na, K, Mg and Ca.

UNIT 15: P - BLOCK ELEMENTS
Group - 13 to Group 18 Elements
General Introduction: Electronic configurationand general trends in physical and chemical properties of elements across the periods and down the groups; unique behaviour of the first element in each group.
Groupwise study of the p - block elements Group - 13
Preparation, properties and uses of boron and aluminium; Structure, properties and uses of borax, boric acid, diborane, boron trifluoride, aluminium chloride and alums.
Group - 14
Tendency for catenation; Structure, properties and uses of allotropes and oxides of carbon, silicon tetrachloride, silicates, zeolites and silicones.
Group - 15
Properties and uses of nitrogen and phosphorus; Allotrophicforms of phosphorus; Preparation, properties, structure and uses of ammonia, nitricacid, phosphine and phosphorus halides,    (PCl3, PCl5); Structures of oxides and oxoacids of nitrogen and phosphorus.
Group - 16
Preparation, properties, structures and uses of dioxygen and ozone; Allotropic forms of sulphur; Preparation, properties, structures and uses of sulphur dioxide, sulphuric acid (including itsindustrial preparation); Structures of oxoacids of sulphur.
Group - 17
Preparation, properties and uses of chlorine and hydrochloric acid; Trends in the acidic nature of hydrogen halides; Structures of Interhalogen compounds and oxides and oxoacids of halogens.
Group -18
Occurrence and uses of noble gases; Structures of fluorides and oxides    of xenon.

UNIT 16: d - and f - BLOCK ELEMENTS Transition Elements
General introduction, electronic configuration, occurrence and characteristics, general trends in properties of the first row transition elements - physical properties, ionization enthalpy, oxidation states, atomic radii, colour, catalytic behaviour, magnetic properties, complex formation, interstitial compounds, alloy formation; Preparation, properties and uses of K2Cr2O7 and KMnO4.
Inner Transition Elements
Lanthanoids - Electronic configuration, oxidation states, chemical reactivity and lanthanoid contraction.
Actinoids - Electronic configuration and oxidation states.

UNIT 17: CO-ORDINATION COMPOUNDS Introduction to co-ordination compounds, Werner's theory; ligands, co-ordination number, denticity, chelation; IUPAC nomenclature of mononuclear co-ordination compounds, isomerism; Bonding-Valence bond approach and basic ideas of Crystal field theory, colour and magnetic properties; Importance of co-ordination compounds (in qualitative analysis, extraction of metals and in biological systems).


IUPAC Nomenclature & Organic Compound Structure


UNIT 18: ENVIRONMENTAL CHEMISTRY
Environmental pollution - Atmospheric, water and soil.
Atmospheric pollution - Tropospheric and stratospheric
Tropospheric pollutants - Gaseous pollutants: Oxides of carbon, nitrogen and sulphur, hydrocarbons; their sources, harmful effects and prevention; Green house effect and Global warming; Acid rain;
Particulate pollutants: Smoke, dust, smog, fumes, mist; their sources, harmful effects and prevention.
Stratospheric pollution- Formation and breakdown of ozone, depletion of ozone layer - its mechanism and effects.
Water Pollution - Major pollutants such as, pathogens, organic wastes and chemical pollutants; their harmful effects and prevention.
Soil pollution - Major pollutants such as: Pesticides (insecticides,. herbicides and fungicides), their harmful effects and prevention.
Strategies to control environmental pollution.

Section-C

Organic Chemistry

UNIT 19: Purification and Characterisation of Organic Compounds
Purification - Crystallization, sublimation, distillation, differential extraction and chromatography - principles and their applications.
Qualitative analysis - Detection of nitrogen, sulphur, phosphorus and halogens.
Quantitative analysis (basic principles only) - Estimation of carbon, hydrogen, nitrogen, halogens, sulphur, phosphorus.
Calculations of empirical formulae and molecular formulae; Numerical problems in organic quantitative analysis.

UNIT 20: SOME BASIC PRINCIPLES OF ORGANIC CHEMISTRY
Tetravalency of carbon; Shapes of simple molecules - hybridization (s and p); Classification of organic compounds based on functional groups: - C = C - , - C ? C - and those containing halogens, oxygen, nitrogen and sulphur; Homologous series; Isomerism - structural and stereoisomerism.

Nomenclature (Trivial and IUPAC)
Covalent bond fission - Homolytic and heterolytic: free radicals, carbocations and carbanions; stability of carbocations and free radicals, electrophiles and nucleophiles.
Electronic displacement in a covalent bond - Inductive effect, electromeric effect, resonance and hyperconjugation.
Common types of organic reactions - Substitution, addition, elimination and rearrangement.


UNIT 21: Hydrocarbons Classification, isomerism, IUPAC nomenclature, general methods of preparation, properties and reactions.
Alkanes - Conformations: Sawhorse and Newman projections (of ethane); Mechanism of halogenation of alkanes.
Alkenes - Geometrical isomerism; Mechanism of electrophilic addition: addition of hydrogen, halogens, water, hydrogen halides (Markownikoff's and peroxide effect); Ozonolysis, oxidation, and polymerization.
Alkynes - Acidic character; Addition of hydrogen, halogens, water and hydrogen halides; Polymerization.
Aromatic hydrocarbons - Nomenclature, benzene - structure and aromaticity; Mechanism of electrophilic substitution: halogenation, nitration, Friedel - Craft's alkylation and acylation, directive influence of functional group in mono-substituted benzene.

UNIT 22: Organic Compounds Containing Halogens General methods of preparation, properties and reactions; Nature of C-X bond; Mechanisms of substitution reactions.
Uses; Environmental effects of chloroform, iodoform, freons and DDT.

UNIT 23: Organic compounds containing Oxygen
General methods of preparation, properties, reactions and uses.
ALCOHOLS, PHENOLS AND ETHERS
Alcohols: Identification of primary, secondary and tertiary alcohols; mechanism of dehydration.
Phenols: Acidic nature, electrophilic substitution reactions: halogenation, nitration and sulphonation, Reimer - Tiemann reaction.
Ethers: Structure.
Aldehyde and Ketones: Nature of carbonyl group;
Nucleophilic addition to >C=O group, relative reactivities of aldehydes and ketones; Important reactions such as - Nucleophilic addition reactions (addition of HCN, NH3 and its derivatives), Grignard reagent; oxidation; reduction (Wolff Kishner and Clemmensen); acidity of ? - hydrogen, aldol condensation, Cannizzaro reaction, Haloform reaction; Chemical tests to distinguish between aldehydes and Ketones.
CARBOXYLIC ACIDS
Acidic strength and factors affecting it.

Chemistry Objective Questions


UNIT 24: Organic Compounds Containing Nitrogen  General methods of preparation, properties, reactions and uses.
Amines: Nomenclature, classification, structure, basic character and identification of primary, secondary and tertiary amines and their basic character.
Diazonium Salts: Importance in synthetic organic chemistry.

UNIT 25: Polymers
General introduction and classification of polymers, general methods of polymerization - addition and condensation, copolymerization; Natural and synthetic rubber and vulcanization; some important polymers with emphasis on their monomers and uses - polythene, nylon, polyester and bakelite.

UNIT 26: Bio Molecules 
General introduction and importance of biomolecules.
CARBOHYDRATES - Classification: aldoses and ketoses; monosaccharides (glucose and fructose), constituent monosaccharides of oligosacchorides (sucrose, lactose, maltose) and polysaccharides (starch, cellulose, glycogen).
PROTEINS - Elementary Idea of ? - amino acids, peptide bond, polypeptides; Proteins: primary, secondary, tertiary and quaternary structure (qualitative idea only), denaturation of proteins, enzymes.
VITAMINS - Classification and functions.
NUCLEIC ACIDS - Chemical constitution of DNA and RNA.
Biological functions of nucleic acids.

UNIT 27: Chemistry in everyday life
Chemicals in medicines - Analgesics, tranquilizers, antiseptics, disinfectants, antimicrobials, antifertility drugs, antibiotics, antacids, antihistamins - their meaning and common examples.
Chemicals in food - Preservatives, artificial sweetening agents - common examples.
Cleansing agents - Soaps and detergents, cleansing action.

UNIT 28: principles related to practical Chemistry
• Detection of extra elements (N,S, halogens) in organic compounds; Detection of the following functional groups: hydroxyl (alcoholic and phenolic), carbonyl (aldehyde and ketone), carboxyl and amino groups in organic compounds.
• Chemistry involved in the preparation of the following:
Inorganic compounds: Mohr's salt, potash alum.
Organic compounds: Acetanilide, p-nitroacetanilide, aniline yellow, iodoform.
• Chemistry involved in the titrimetric excercises - Acids bases and the use of indicators, oxalic-acid vs KMnO4, Mohr's salt vs KMnO4.
• Chemical principles involved in the qualitative salt analysis:
Cations - Pb2+ , Cu2+, AI3+, Fe3+, Zn2+ Ni2+, Ca2+, Ba2+, Mg2+, NH4+.
Anions- CO32-, S2-, SO42-, NO2-, NO3-, CI -, Br, I. (Insoluble salts excluded).
• Chemical principles involved in the following experiments:
1. Enthalpy of solution of CuSO4
2. Enthalpy of neutralization of strong acid and strong base. .
3. Preparation of lyophilic and lyophobic sols.
4. Kinetic study of reaction of iodide ion with hydrogen peroxide at room temperature.

SYLLABUS FOR APTITUDE TEST B.ARCH./B.PLANNING

Part I
Awareness of persons, places, Buildings, Materials.) Objects, Texture related to Architecture and build~ environment. Visualising three dimensional objects from two dimensional drawings. Visualising. different sides of three dimensional objects. Analytical Reasoning Mental Ability (Visual, Numerical and Verbal).

Part II

Three dimensional - perception: Understanding and appreciation of scale and proportion of objects, building forms and elements, colour texture, harmony and contrast. Design and drawing of geometrical or abstract shapes and patterns in pencil. Transformation of forms both 2 D and 3 D union, substraction, rotation, development of surfaces and volumes, Generation of Plan, elevations and 3 D views of objects. Creating two dimensional and three dimensional compositions using given shapes and forms.
Sketching of scenes and activities from memory of urbanscape (public space, market, festivals, street scenes, monuments, recreational spaces etc.), landscape (river fronts, jungles. gardens, trees, plants etc.) and rural life.

 

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